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Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) - Niue (2004)
Compare Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) z Niue (2004)
| Turks and Caicos Islands (2002) | Niue (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 32.6% (male 3,101; female 3,004)
15-64 years: 63.6% (male 6,266; female 5,651) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 319; female 397) (2002 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle |
| Airports | 8 (2001) | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 5
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 3
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2002) |
- |
| Area | total: 430 sq km
land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory. | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2004), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. |
| Birth rate | 24.18 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $47 million
expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of NA |
| Capital | Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) | Alofi |
| Climate | tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds |
| Coastline | 389 km | 64 km |
| Constitution | introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988 | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
| Currency | US dollar (USD) | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | 4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $418,000 (2002 est.) |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $4.1 million (1997) (1997) | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) |
| Economy - overview | The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in 1998. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. |
| Electricity - consumption | 4.65 million kWh (2000) | 2.79 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2000) | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2000) | 0 kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production | 5 million kWh (2000) | 3 million kWh (2001) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Blue Hills 49 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
| Environment - current issues | limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | black | Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans) |
| Exchange rates | the US dollar is used | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.7229 (2003), 2.1620 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002)
head of government: Chief Minister Derek H. TAYLOR (since 31 January 1995) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30% |
| Exports | $13.7 million (1999) | NA (2001) |
| Exports - commodities | lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | US, UK | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $128 million (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: 55% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $7,300 (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 8.7% (1999 est.) | -0.3% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 21 45 N, 71 35 W | 19 02 S, 169 52 W |
| Geography - note | about 40 islands (eight inhabited) | one of world's largest coral islands |
| Highways | total: 121 km
paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000) |
total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Illicit drugs | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe | - |
| Imports | $175.6 million (1999) | NA (2001) |
| Imports - commodities | food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs |
| Imports - partners | US, UK | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK) | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Industries | tourism, offshore financial services | tourism, handicrafts, food processing |
| Infant mortality rate | 17.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4% (1995) (1995) | 1% (1995) |
| International organization participation | Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau) | ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 14 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue |
| Labor force | 4,848 (1990 est.) | NA (1998 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services (1997 est.) | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 2.33%
permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 15.38%
permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001) |
| Languages | English (official) | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English |
| Legal system | based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats, of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 4 March 1999 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 52.2%, PNP 40.9%, independent 6.9%; seats by party - PDM 9, PNP 4 |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 73.76 years
male: 71.59 years female: 76.03 years (2002 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.) |
definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | none |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force |
| National holiday | Constitution Day, 30 August (1976) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun: none
adjective: none |
noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
| Natural hazards | frequent hurricanes | typhoons |
| Natural resources | spiny lobster, conch | fish, arable land |
| Net migration rate | 12.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| People - note | destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US | - |
| Political parties and leaders | People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN] | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 18,738 (July 2002 est.) | 2,156 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA |
| Population growth rate | 3.28% (2002 est.) | 0.01% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Grand Turk, Providenciales | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 3 (one inactive), FM 6, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 8,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990) | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
NA (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services
domestic: NA international: 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: country code - 683 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 3,000 (1994) | 1,100 est (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1994) | 400 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; cable television is established) (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 3.18 children born/woman (2002 est.) | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 10% (1997 est.) | NA (March 1999) |
| Waterways | none | - |
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